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ideal gas law calculator Calculator

Ideal Gas Law Calculator

Select the parameter (pressure, volume, temperature, or substance) to be calculated and provide values of the required ones. The calculator will take an instant to calculate its value using the ideal gas equation (PV = nRT).

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To Calculate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gas constant (R)

J⋅K⁻¹⋅mol⁻¹
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A free and best ideal gas law calculator that calculates the unknown measurable properties of the ideal gas law equation (PV = nRT). The ideal gas calculator uses the combined gas laws formula to find the variable’s value of the ideal gas equation.

So, give a thorough read to acquire the features of ideal gas law, how to calculate ideal gas law with ideal gas law equation calculator and manually, applications of an ideal gas, and much more!

So, first begins with the basic definition of ideal gas law!

What is an ideal gas?

Many unsystematically moving particles that interact with each other by mean of elastic collision and follows a specific law, an elementary equation, and is responsive to examination known as an ideal gas. In general, a gas can act as ideal if the temperature is high and pressure is low as under such condition potential energy becomes less significant as compared to the kinetic energy. According to the IUPAC, a single mole of an ideal gas displays a capacity of 22.710947(13) liters under the standard temperature and pressure conditions.

Also, this free chemistry mole fraction calculator allows you to find the mole fraction, moles of solvent, and moles of solute for the given parameters.

The free and best mole fraction calculator helps you to calculates the mole fraction, moles of solute, and moles of solvent according to the given inputs.

What is the Ideal Gas Law Equation:

It follows an elementary calculation that is recognized as the ideal gas law equation: PV = nRT. Our ideal gas law formula calculator uses these variables (n, T, P, V), and constant (R) while doing calculations.

  • n = it represents the number of substances
  • R = it is known ideal gas constant and universally accepted = 8.3145 J/mol K
  • T = standard temperature
  • P = standard pressure
  • V = it signifies volume

This ideal gas law calculator follows the ideal gas equation, therefore, it is also known as PV = NRT calculator.

WHat is Ideal Gas Laws:

Furthermore, there are certain rules known as ideal gas laws. They are:

  •  Particles of the Ideal gas have no attraction or resistance for each other.
  •  The communication between ideal gas particles would be an elastic collision.
  •  On interaction with the walls of the container,all the particles will bounce back i.e. elastic collision.
  •  Boyle’s Law: It states that if temperature and gas quantity remains unchanged then the pressure will be multiplied by its volume and remains constant. (p1. V1 = p2. V2)
  •  Charles’s Law: states that if we keep the pressure and gas quantity constant and dived by its temperature then it will be constant as well. (V1 / T1 = V2 / T2)
  •  Gay-Lussac’s Law: For a constant volume and quantity the pressure divided by its temperature is constant. (p1 / T1 = p2 / T2)
  •  Avogadro’s Law: It states that if the temperature and pressure are constant and we divide the gas volume by its quantity then it will come out as a constant as well. (V1 / n1 = V2 / n2)
  •  Combined Gas Law: it states that if the quantity of gas is constant and pressure multiplied by volume and divided by the temperature then the outcome will be constant as well. (p1. V1 / T1 = p2. V2 / T2)

At very low temperatures and higher pressure, the ideal gas model fails as intermolecular forces and molecular size turn out to be more significant. It also flops for heavyweight gases; such as observe in many refrigerants.

You can try an online combined gas law calculator that uses a combination of different gas law formula to determine the unknown measurable properties of the ideal gas equation.

Derivation of Ideal gas law:

Thankfully, you come to know that the ideal gas law equation can be derived from the gas that we discussed above. An online ideal gas law equation calculator also uses the combination of these three gas laws to calculate the unknown variables of ideal gas law.

From Boyle’s law, we know : P∝1/V

From Charle’s law, we know: V∝T

From Avogadro’s Law, we know: V∝n

So, by combining the above 3 laws, we will get:

V∝ nT/P

Now, this can be rearranged as:

V = R × n × T / P

Or

PV = nRT, where R is referred to as the Gas constant.

So, simply enter the know values into pv=nrt calculator to calculate the unknown values of ideal gas law variables.

About Ideal Gas Law Calculator:

The free ideal gas law calculator allows you to find the values of variables that use in the ideal gas law equation. In simple terms, this ideal gas calculator will work best in solving any problem that is related to ideal gas law. The PV = NRT calculator incorporates Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Avogadro’s law to provides you the precise measurements for ideal gas calculation. It follows the ideal gas equation and you can change the input variables according to the required conditions.

How to Calculate Ideal Gas Law with Ideal Gas Calculator?

PV = NRT calculator is 100% free that uses ideal gas law formula to helps students or professionals in chemistry. The ideal gas law calculator becomes handy for numerical values of pressure, temperature, volume, and substance calculations that mostly consists of decimal value or may be in different unit. Just stick to the given steps to measuring the temperature, volume, pressure, and substance of a gas.

Inputs:

  • First of all, you have select one of the given properties (variables) from the given drop-down for which you want to perform calculations, it can either be “Pressure, Temperature, Volume, or Substance)
  • Once you select, then enter the known values for variables of ideal gas law equation
  • Once done, hit the calculate button of this PV NRT calculator online to get instant calculations

Note: Our ideal gas law equation calculator will do calculations according to different units; select one from drop to get your desired result.

Outputs:

The ideal gas calculator will calculate:

  • The unknown variable that you selected as in input (Pressure, Temperature, Volume, or Substance)
  • Also, shows the unknown variable value according to different other units used by our calculator

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP):

The standard condition of temperature and pressure is said to be the STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure). The two things you should beware of about STP is mentioned-below:

  • The universal value of 1 atm (pressure) and only 0o C. Remember that this form only stated 0o C degree, not the 273 Kelvin (K), even thought you’ll have to convert it into (K or Kelvin) when you adding this value into Ideal Gas Equation or any of the simple gas equations
  • In the STP condition, 1 mole of gas will only take up 22.4 L of the volume of the container

 

Units of P, V and T:

The given table lists the several units for each property of ideal gal law:

 

Factor
Variable
Units
Pressure
P
atm
Torr
Pa
mmHg
Volume
V
L
Moles
n
mol
Temperature
T
K
Gas Constant
R*
see Values of R table below

Remember that certain things like temperature is always in its exact SI units of K or Kelvin rather than Celsius (C), and the amount of gas is always determined in moles. On the other hand, gas pressure and volume may have several other units, so you should beware of how to convert to the appropriate units if necessary.

Pressure Units:

You can use the given table as a reference for pressure and remember that this is the SI unit of pressure.

Unit Symbol Equivalent to 1 atm
Common Units of Pressure
Atmosphere atm 1 atm
Millimeter of Mercury mmHg 760 mmHg
Torr Torr 760 Torr
Pascal Pa 101326 Pa
Kilopascal kPa* 101.326 kPa
Bar bar 1.01325 bar
Millibar mb 1013.25 mb

The Gas Constant (R) In PV = nRT:

The gas constant (R) is also known as the universal, molar, or ideal gas constant. This gas constant referred to as a physical constant that is introduced in different fundamental equations in the physical sciences, such as the ideal gas law, the Arrhenius equation, and the Nernst equation.

When it comes to using a value of R, you ought to select the one with the appropriate units of the given information (remember that sometimes given units should be converted correspondingly).

When it comes to the gas constant (R), then ideal gas calculations becomes tricky. The value of gas constant will vary when dealing with several unit of pressure and volume – “remember that temperature factor is overlooked since temperature will always be in (K or Kelvin) instead of Celsius (C) when using the Ideal Gas Equation.” The appropriate value of R only helps you to attain the correct answer of the problem. When you choosing a value of gas constant (R), you should have to choose the one with the appropriate units of the given parameters (sometimes you may required to convert given units correspondingly). The R is also said to be as a combination of the constants from Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Avogadro’s law, and Gay-Lussac’s law. Our ideal gas law calculator uses the 8.3144626 J  K−1 mol−1 value as a constant value of R (ideal gas law constant).

So, let’s take a look at the given table to know the constant values of R in different units:

Values of R Units
8.3144598(48) kg m2 s−2 K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48) J  K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48) ×10−3 kJ  K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48)×107 erg K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48)×10−3 amu (km/s)2  K−1
8.3144598(48) m3 Pa K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48)×106 cm3 Pa  K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48) L kPa K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48)×103 cm3 kPa K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48)×10−6 m3 MPa K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48) cm3 MPa K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48)×10−5 m3 bar K−1 mol−1
8.3144598(48)×10−2 L bar K−1 mol−1
83.144598(48) cm3 bar K−1 mol−1
62.363577(36) L Torr K−1 mol−1
1.9872036(11)×10−3 kcal K−1 mol−1
8.2057338(47)×10−5 m3 atm K−1 mol−1
0.082057338 L atm K−1 mol−1
82.057338 cm3 atm K−1 mol−1

How to calculate ideal gas law?

For the calculation of ideal gas law, it is necessary to follow the equation for precise output.

Ideal Gas Equation: PV = nRT

To calculate ideal gas law:

To calculate the ideal gas law, you have to use above mentioned ideal gas formula to put the given values in it. Now the manual calculation is a tricky thing to do and involve mathematics. To avoid the problem this ideal gas law calculator is all there to help you out. Furthermore, the temperature is “absolute” in the equation: Kelvin.Let’s elaborate it with example:

Ideal Gas Law Example:

Calculation by ideal gas formula:

Case 1: If you are asked to find the volume from the 0.250 moles gas at 200kpa and 300K temperature = 200 kPa, n = 0.250 mol, T = 300K, R = 8.314 J K-1 mol-1?

  • You have to put all the values in equation: Volume(V) = nRT / P = (0.250 x 8.314 x 300) / 200 = 623.55 / 200 Volume(V) = 3.12 L This example will guide you to calculate the volume manually.

Case 2: If you are asked to calculate the temperature from the 250ml cylinder containing 0.50 moles gas at 153kpa.V = 250ml -> 250 / 1000 = 0.250 L, n = 0.50 mol, P = 153 kPa, R = 8.314 J K-1 mol-1?

  • Put the provided values in the temperature equation: Temperature(T) = PV / nR = (153 x 0.250) / (0.50 x 8.314) = 38.25 / 4.16 Temperature(T) = 9.2 K. Other than this you can use ideal gas laws calculator for the final results.

 

Applications of Ideal Gas law in real life:

No doubt, ideal gas law uses in many types of equipment that you people come across in your daily life. Even there are several studies and research found that entirely depends on the ideal gas law.

There are certain applications of the ideal gas law, which uses in our day to day life, including the determination of the amount of ventilation that facilities need for safe human use and even estimating proper air pressure levels in airplane cabins.

DID YOU KNOW!

Ideal gas laws elaborate a complete relationship between temperature, volume, and pressure for a combination of ideal gases. With the exception of few noble gases including helium and neon, the ideal gas law is not fully accurate in elaborating these relationships. Although estimations that considering the ideal gas law are approximate, we can say that they are still close enough in different cases.

Ideal Gas Laws in Planes and Buildings:

You can see that ventilation units should be installed in any commercial building where air ventilation is not adequate enough otherwise to maintain a balance between both “the amount of carbon dioxide and oxygen in a building.” Remember that the amount of ventilation that a building requires is based on the number of individuals in the building and also including their activity levels. Buildings with more human activity naturally require more ventilation than where there are a fewer folks or fewer moving around the building. Also, ideal gas laws are working in closed, sealed areas like airplanes where it is important to keep a proper pressure balance between the air inside and outside the aircraft. These are the things that indicate how much oxygen is needed to maintain the proper equilibrium between the air inside and outside the cabin and even keep the air in the cabin fresh:

  • the average pressure in the cabin
  • the surrounding atmosphere
  • percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere
  • percentage of oxygen in the ideal gas laws

Ideal Gas Laws and Airbags:

Another example of an ideal gas laws in day to day life involves airbags in vehicles. Ideal gas laws are the parameters that are responsible for the working mechanics of airbags. When airbags deploy, they quickly fill using the right kind of gases to make them inflate and then inflate properly as the vehicle crashes. And, when airbags inflate, they are simply filled by using nitrogen gas. The nitrogen gas is generated through a reaction with a substance known as sodium azide. The nitrogen reaction develops certain different byproducts, which are referred to as nitrogen gas and sodium metal. Nitrogen becomes useful when fill the airbags, while sodium metal is used when it undergoes a reaction with potassium nitrate. This is the reaction that neutralizes the sodium that simply produces enough gas, so that the airbag is inflated, but not overfilled. Nowadays, most of vehicles have airbags that are located in front of the driver’s seat and passenger seat, which assists to protect occupants in the event of a head-on crash. Also, some vehicles come with airbags along the sides of the passenger seats that are said to be as side airbags. Typically, these airbags are located above the windows, and they assist to protect passengers’ heads in the event of a crash.

Other Examples of Ideal Gas Laws:

There’s no doubt that ideal gas laws are found in different other situations on daily life. Ideal gas laws elaborate the working of a gasoline engine. Also, they reveal the mechanics of hot air balloons that need the proper mixture & balance of gases to inflate safely and adequately. A torch becomes useful when ignite gases in hot air balloons that triggers the release of gases, which make their envelopes inflate. Also, the ideal gas laws work in the process of inhalation as lungs expands upon inhalation, but collapse again during exhalation. The process assists air rush into the lungs in order to keep living beings alive.

FAQ’s:

What does the ideal gas law calculator?

The tool that is specialized for finding an unknown value in the ideal gas law which states PV=nrt. P=pressure, V=volume, n=number of moles of gas, R=the gas constant, and T=temperature. In simple words, this ideal gas equation calculator uses a standard ideal gas law equation (PV)=nRT to perform ideal law gas calculation.

How do you find volume using ideal gas law?

To find out the particular volume of any gas, some essential information is required such as: If the amount of gas is in moles, simply a multiplication of it by 22.4 Liters/mole will provide you the result. For illustration, if 2 moles of N2 gas is present, the gas takes up 44.8 Liters. You can also use the above pvnrt calculator that helps you to find the volume or any other variable by using ideal gas law equation.

What is an ideal gas vs Real gas?

Ideal gases won’t have any attractive or repulsive forces between their molecules but real gases have. Furthermore, Real gas always has some volume but ideal gases do not. lastly, Real gas particles collide and lose their energy but in the case of an ideal gas, collision is perfectly elastic.

Can you use ATM in PV nRT?

It is a unit. Have a look at the formula to observe the correct units:P = Pressure (atm) V = Volume (L) n = moles R = gas constant = 0.0821 atm•L/mol•KT = Temperature (Kelvin). Accurate units are important. Be sure to change whatsoever units you initiate the calculations into the suitable units when using the ideal gas law. Also, this p=nrt/v calculator allows you to calculate volume from the ideal gas law equation by using this p=nrt/v formula.

Why is it called ideal gas law?

It is the condition in which gas shows a particular, perfect relation between its pressure, volume, and temperature so it is considered as ideal gas law. A will not follow the equation when situations are near the condensation point.

What are examples of ideal gases?

In most normal circumstances such as at standard temperature and pressure, almost each real gases act just like an ideal gas. For some gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and some heavier gases like carbon dioxide it is possible to treat them like an ideal gas with rational acceptances.

What is specific volume formula?

Specific volume can be calculated: equals volume/mass. Mostly volume is measured and expressed in cubic meters (m3), and mass is expressed in kilograms. Specific volume is then computed by simply dividing. As a result, you will have a specific volume. Try v=nrt/p calculator that helps you to in finding the volume from the ideal gas law as this calculator uses v=nrt/p formula.

Takeaway:

If you are a student or a professional, your interaction with the ideal gas law takes place frequently. Now by using the numerical values for pressure, temperature, R, and volume can be handled very easily. You can try this ideal gas law calculator for volume, temperature, pressure, substance (moles) calculations, it follows ideal gas law to provide you the most accurate results. The calculator is 100% free, you can be able to use different ranges without any cost. Happy calculating!

References:

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia – ideal gas law – Equations,  Common Forms, Statisticals Mechanics

From the Source of chemguide – Ideal Gases and the ideal gas equation

The authorized source of chem.libretexts provided – ideal gas law formula simply expressed