Enter the values of the limiting reagent and desired product of the given reaction to calculate its theoretical yield.
Use this theoretical yield calculator to find the maximum amount of product that can be formed from a given chemical reaction. It also calculates the limiting reagent and the stoichiometry of the product between the moles of reactants and the product formed.
In chemistry, theoretical yield is said to be the maximum quantity of product that can be produced in a chemical reaction. However, it can be obtained under perfect conditions, where no product is lost in the process.
In a chemical reaction, the limiting reagent is a reactant that is completely used up first. It helps to determine how much product can be formed. Meanwhile, it limits" the amount of product that is formed in a chemical reaction.
Stoichiometry is the study of relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It finds the mole ratios of reactants and products, helping you understand how much quantity of a substance is needed to react with another substance.
The numbers in front of each ingredient in a chemical reaction are the reactant's stoichiometry. If no number is found, then the stoichiometry is said to be 1. Keep in mind that stoichiometry is needed to reflect the ratios of molecules that come together to form a product.
Where:
Note: Keep in mind that all stoichiometric calculations, including finding the limiting reagent and using the theoretical yield formula, require you to have a balanced chemical equation.
For theoretical yield calculation, follow these steps:
In a combustion reaction, 44 grams of propane (C₃H₈) reacts with 128 grams of oxygen (O₂). Calculate the theoretical yield of carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Solution:
Step 1: Write the Balanced Chemical Equation
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
Step 2: Identify the Given Data
Step 3: Find the Moles of Each Reactant
Moles of C₃H₈:
44 g ÷ 44.1 g/mol = 1.00 mol
Moles of O₂:
128 g ÷ 32 g/mol = 4.00 mol
Step 4: Determine the Limiting Reactant
From the balanced equation:
Step 5: Calculate the Moles of CO₂ Produced
From the balanced equation:
5O₂ → 3CO₂
Since we have 4 mol of O₂ instead of 5:
Moles of CO₂ = (3/5) × 4 = 2.4 mol CO₂
Step 6: Convert Moles of CO₂ to Mass
Mass of CO₂ = 2.4 × 44 = 105.6 g
Final Answer:
The theoretical yield of CO₂ is 105.6 g.
Summary:
You can easily simplify these calculations by using our chemistry theoretical yield calculator and make an informed decision to optimize the chemical process.
Calculating theoretical yield is important for various reasons, including:
Increasing the concentration of reactants enhances the rate of the reaction. A higher rate of reactions means more reactant molecules are present, leading to more frequent collisions. Therefore more reactions occur, leading to a high yield.
The actual yield is always lower than the theoretical yield because of the happening of side reactions and the occurrence of impurities.
References:
From a chem.libretexts – All about chemistry - Excess reagent, limiting reagent – Theoretical Yield.
The source of oneclass offers ultimate solutions of Chemistry - how to calculate theoretical yield of aspirin.
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