Dilution Calculator

An online dilution calculator helps you to compute the volume of solvent needed to achieve a solution of the desired concentration and volume. These computations can be helpful in the chemical reactions involving reactive or expensive materials. Read this article to understand dilution ratio calculations and much more. Let’s begin with some basics.

What is Dilution of Solutions?

Dilution is the technique of reducing the concentration of solutes in a solution, normally just mixing it with more solvents, for example adding more water to the solution. Diluting a solution means adding more solvent without adding extra solute. Mix the resulting solution thoroughly to ensure that all parts of the solution are the identical.

In other words, dilution refers to the method of substituting additional solvent to the solution to reduce its concentration. This process maintains a constant amount of solute. However, it will increase the total amount of the solution, thereby reducing its final concentration.

Dilution can also be achieved by mixing a higher concentration solution with the identical solution of lower concentration. The dilution of the solution is a necessary process in the laboratory, because the stock solution is usually purchased and stored in a high-concentration form. For use in the laboratory, the solution must be accurately diluted to the lowest concentration.

Dilution Equation:

The dilution calculation done by the bleach dilution calculator with the following formula:

$$ C_1V_1 = C_2V_2 $$

Where,

C1 = concentration (molarity) of the diluted solution.

V1 = volume to be removed from the concentrated diluted solution.

C2 = final concentration of the stock solution.

V2 = final volume of the stock solution.

An alternative notation for this equation is

$$ M_1V_1 = M_2V_2 $$

where M is used in place of C.
However, an online Percent Yield Calculator allows you to compute the percent yield value by adding theoretical yield and actual yield value.

Units of Concentration:

Molar concentration c is the amount of substance in a certain volume of the substance. It is expressed in “mole” units (symbol: M), where 1 M = 1 mol/liter.

Mass concentration ρ is the amount of substance in grams in the given volume of a substance. Expressed in grams/liter.

If you want to determine the mass concentration of the solution, you must multiply the molar concentration by the molar mass of substance M (represents in kg / mol):

$$ ρ = c * M $$

Dilutions of Stock (or Standard) Solutions:

Imagine that we have a certain concentration of salt solution, which means that we dissolve a certain amount of salt (a certain mass or number of moles) in a certain volume of the solution. Next, we will dilute this solution. Therefore, when we use a solution dilution calculator, it tells adding more water instead of salt, then we will get:

The molarity of solution 1 is

$$ M_1=moles_1 / liter_1 $$

and the molarity of solution 2 is

$$ M_2 = moles_2 / liter_2 $$

Now, rearrange the particular equations to determine moles:

$$ moles_1 = M_1 liter_1 and moles_2 = M_2 liter_2 $$

What remains the same and what has changed between the two solutions? By substituting more water, we changed the volume of the solution; at the same time, its concentration changed; however, the number of moles of solute did not change. So,

$$ moles_1 = moles_2 $$

Therefore

$$ M_1V_1 = M_2V_2 $$

Where,

M1 and M2 are the concentrations of the diluted solutions

V1 and V2 are the volumes of the solutions

The preparation of diluents is common in chemical laboratories and other places. Once the above relationship is understood, the calculation is easy. Suppose you have 700 milliliters of 2.0 M HCl solution. Add water to make the diluted solution volume 900 ml. The new molarity can be easily calculated by the solution dilution calculator and solved for M2 using the above equation.

$$ M_2 = M_1 × V_1 / V_2 = 2.0M × 100.mL / 500.mL = 1.56 M HCl $$

Thus, the solution is diluted due to the new volume that is five times extra then the original volume.

How to Calculate Dilution?

Here are some examples for better understanding the dilutions calculation:
Example1:

232 ml of 1.5 M aqueous solution of Lithium Chloride (LiCl) was diluted with water to a final volume of 2.0 Liter. What is the final concentration of the stock solution?

Solution:

$$ C_1V_1=C_2V_2 $$

$$ M_2 x (1000 mL) = (1.6 M x 175 mL) $$

$$ M_2 = (1.5) (232) / 2000 $$

$$ M_2 = 0.14 M $$

However, you can use an Online Titration Calculator that will help you to identify the different properties of a solution during an experiment.

Example:
Diluting Nitric Acid:
232 ml of 1.5 M aqueous solution of Lithium Chloride (LiCl) was diluted with water to a final volume of 2.0 Liter. What is the final concentration of the stock solution?
Solution:
$$ C_1V_1=C_2V_2 $$
$$ M_2 x (1000 mL) = (1.6 M x 175 mL) $$
$$ M_2 = (1.5) (232) / 2000 $$
$$ M_2 = 0.14 M $$

How does Dilution Calculator Works?

An online calculator determines the volume and concentrates to add to achieve the specified molarity and volume by following these steps:

Input:

•  First, choose the molarity or volume to calculating from the drop-down list.
• Now, put the given values in all fields accordingly.
• Hit the “Calculate Dilution” button.

Output:

• The concentration dilution calculator provides the unknown volume and concentration.

FAQ:

What is the dilution rate?

In chemistry, the dilution ratio is the factor of dissolved substances to solvents. For example, a 3:8 dilution with a 3 : 8 dilution ratio involves combining 3 unit volume of solute with an 8 unit volume of solvent to form 6 total volume units.

How is dilution used in daily life?

Dilution is a technique used by a solvent to enhance the volume of a solution and reduce the concentration of the solution. This concept is also used in daily life. If your coffee is too strong, please dilute it with water to make taste better.

What is Serial Dilution?

In the case of serial dilution, the stock solution or standard solution is serially diluted several times. Normally, the dilution factor remains the same for each dilution, which results in an exponential decrease in concentration.

Conclusion:

Use this online dilution calculator that allows you to select difference concentration(molarity) and volume units, and an easy way to calculate how to dilute stock solution of the known concentration. Therefore, our free online calculator provides precise values to prepare a solution of specific concentration based on volume.

Reference:

From the source of Wikipedia: Basic room purge equation, Dilution ventilation equation, Dilution (equation).
From the source of Lumen Learning: Concentration of a diluted solution, Dilutiona solution, Serial Dilutions, Solving Dilution Problems.
From the source of Libre Text: Stock Solutions, Dilutions of Stock (or Standard) Solutions, Diluting and Mixing Solutions.